One of the issues that has arisen in Industry 4.0 is automation, where jobs that have been done by humans will be taken over by robots. Data from international analysis shows the potential long-term impact of outomation on various industrial sectors and occupational professions.
This was revealed by the Head of the Department of Livestock Socio-Economics, Faculty of Animal Science (FAS) UGM, Ir. F. Trisakti Haryadi, S.Pt., M.Si., Ph.D., IPM in the Obrolan Peternakan (OPERA) which was held online on Saturday (1/8).
Trisakti cited 3 stages of the automation wave that occurred, namely in the early 2020s, late 2020s, and mid to late 2030s. The rate of job automation by industry shows that the transportation industry experienced a huge increase from the first to the third wave, as did the financial services industry. When viewed from the aspect of educational level, the potential effect of automation of workers with higher education is relatively less extreme than the work done by workers with secondary and low education.
“In the industrial era 4.0, there was also a shift in the 10 types of skills or skills that were badly needed. In 2015, critical thinking and creativity came in 4th and 10th, but in 2020 it was 2nd and 3rd. In addition, there will be new skills needed in 2020, namely emotional intelligence and cognitive flexibility,” said Trisakti.
Trisakti said that animal science graduates, who generally work in various types of work, have at least a managerial position which of course must carry out leadership or leadership practices that are closely related to the decision-making process.
“According to theory, there are 4 dimensions of the continuum related to the decision making process. The first dimension is a simple condition in which the causal and effect is clearly known. In this dimension, leadership practice is better known as “best practice” with the existence of standard operating procedures. In the second dimension, a situation is described that is no longer simple, namely after sense analysis activity is needed before responding to leadership practices, which is known as “good practice”. The third dimension, which is described as a very complex condition, leadership practice is called “emergent practice”, that is, in making decisions, it is necessary to have proving activities before responding. The fourth dimension is a condition that is completely uncertain with a high level of uncertainty, maybe like the current conditions, namely the Covid-19 pandemic that has hit most of the world, including Indonesia. In this condition, the steps taken are taking action first, then sense and finally response. The leadership practice used is known as “novel practice” said Trisakti.
Trisakti added, there is one thing that must be considered in pandemic conditions so that productivity can still be increased, namely the concept of work life balance. A person is expected to be able to manage a good (balanced) time between work and personal needs, recreation, and life with family members and friends, especially when they are required to do work from home. Thus, work becomes more productive, happier, more creative, and has better relationships.
Apart from the Head of the Department of Livestock Socio-Economics of FAS UGM, there were several other speakers who were alumni of FAS UGM. These alumni shared their experiences of working during the Covid-19 pandemic and in the new normal era or adapting to new habits.
Doni Setiawan, S.Pt., Fapet alumni who is currently a staff at Great Giant Foods Production Planning and Inventory Control Lifestock Beef, said that attitude and competence are two important things that a person must have when working.
“The livestock business in the last 10 years is very competitive. Attitude needs to be continuously developed, it can be started with core values or internal values. Today, we are becoming agents of change, a tough task because we have to be able to be ourselves. As leaders, we are not only assessing but also being assessed, ”said Doni.
Doni said that the significant changes that occurred during this pandemic were reducing costs and optimizing procedures. The pandemic has spurred the acceleration of improvement strategies, especially in the IT sector, which is currently a priority.
“With the advancement of technology, currently we are recruiting workers who are ready with technology. This can be an opportunity for students. To successfully take these opportunities, students must first gain experience, for example through an internship program at a company. Currently, there are even companies that facilitate online internships, “said Doni.
Ir. Oma Enggina Pradanasari Tenis, S.Pt., IPM, an alumnus of Faculty of Animal Science UGM who is now a Senior Technical Sale Representative of PT. Indovetraco Makmur Abadi (Charoen Pokphand Group) revealed that there have been many changes during the pandemic.
“The impact of social distancing and WfH is panic buying, decreased demand, and decreased turnover. The strategy we try to do is communicate with customers. The benefits that have been built are now, “said Anggi.
Anggi said that due to the pandemic, the supply of imported goods was hampered, livestock commodities fell, and breeders experienced difficulties in selling. Therefore, online sales are emphasized more. The company where he works even holds special online sales training to deal with this.
Joko Dwiwasono, S.Pt, a Fapet alumnus who is the owner of the Best Friend Chicken fried chicken business has also felt drastic changes.
“When the pandemic started, all orders were canceled. To overcome this, pre-orders that have been distributed to vendors are negotiated so that the collection of materials can be done in stages, ”said the 2003 alumni.
Another strategy he does is fixed cost efficiency, especially for employees. Employees are rolled out so that there is salary efficiency but still work as desired.
“I create family packages that can be purchased online so that people don’t have to leave the house. Business in the livestock sector is an opportunity during a pandemic because the consumption of animal protein in Indonesia is still low, namely 13 kg / capita / year. This is an opportunity as well as an animal protein nutrition campaign, ”said Joko.
Antofany Yustisia Ahmadi, S.Pt, an alumni who now works as a Marketing Manager at PT Astra International Tbk, said that a lot of knowledge from college is still being applied today.
“With regard to leadership, there are many things that can be applied. Leadership is not just leading people but how to build relationships with colleagues, subordinates, or superiors. Where I work, there are 7 keys that are assessed which become a roadmap for every employee, “said the 2004 alumni.
Ratna Widyasari, S.Pt., MM., An alumni of the class of 1998 who is now working as a young agricultural instructor at the East Barito Regency Agriculture Office, Central Kalimantan, said that in the new normal period, he continued to go into the field to assist breeders from building cages to management. All done while observing the Covid-19 protocol standard.
“There are many challenges we encounter on the field, but for me they are fun. To reach the farm site, you have to go through muddy roads, non-standard bridges, and forests that are far away. Fortunately, Barito is a transmigration area where many Javanese live, making communication easier, “said Ratna.
Danny Adhi Pratomo, S.Pt., an alumni who now works as a Breeding and Partnership Manager at PT Widodo Makmur Perkasa, said that he is engaged in partnerships that combine several stakeholders, feedlots, banking, insurance, and farmer groups.
“In the new normal period, we are moving into a new era that implements health protocols. There are several opportunities that need to be observed, namely the application of technology-based production to streamline production costs. Currently, HR is still based on working hours, now it is highlighted because it must be results oriented. In the field of animal husbandry, we are required to create products that are highly nutritious and have added value, “said Danny.
Denis Febta Dianingratri, S.Pt., an alumni who now works as staff at Animal Welfare and Livestock Supply Chain Australian Rural Exports Pty, Ltd said, there were several challenges and changes in working patterns, starting from implementing the Covid-19 protocol, unloading livestock at ports , to work from home.
“Every day, I take care of unloading livestock from the ship and weighing. With the Covid-19 pandemic, we have to adjust. There were several challenges encountered, namely limited access during the PSBB, tight access and permits for slaughterhouses, changes in communication patterns, internet networks, and limited access to livestock ships during the discharge process, “said Denis.
Angia Clara Citra, S.Pt., an alumni who now works as Deputy Manager of PT Bank Central Asia, Tbk said that initially she was not used to following the changed work patterns during the new normal era.
“Our office is one of the business sectors that must remain open. During WfH, we were given access to open data stored on office computers and continue to fill digital presence to ensure that we continue to work, “said Angia.
According to him, there is a positive side to this during this pandemic. Angia can participate in various self-development programs organized by her office because she has more free time. He can also exercise more intensely, something he cannot do in normal situations.